At 40 your body doesn't switch off, it changes the rules of the game. Most articles about sexual vitality after 40 sell you either resignation ('it's normal, accept it') or magic pills. The reality is far more interesting: your sexual function is regulated by at least seven interconnected biological systems—hormones, circulation, neurotransmitters, mitochondria, inflammation, microbiota and circadian rhythms—and all are modifiable with the correct protocol.
The data is clear: 43% of women aged 40-50 report significant changes in their sexual function, and the percentage in men is similar. But here's what's fascinating: longitudinal studies show these changes are neither inevitable nor uniform. The variability between individuals of the same age is enormous, and most of that variability is not explained by chronological age but by modifiable factors.
This guide will explain exactly what happens biologically after 40, why some maintain sexual vitality into their 70s+ whilst others experience decline at 45, and the seven scientific pillars (with doses, mechanisms and studies) to optimise your sexual function without gimmicks or marketing.
What you'll learn:
- What changes exactly in men and women at hormonal, vascular and neurological levels after 40
- The 7 biological systems that regulate your sexual vitality and how each one declines (or doesn't)
- Study-based protocols for each pillar: hormones, circulation, mitochondria, neurotransmitters
- Which supplements have real evidence (clinical doses, mechanisms, meta-analyses) and which are expensive placebo
- How to distinguish reversible natural decline from medical conditions requiring professional attention
What changes exactly after 40: the biology without euphemisms
Sexual vitality is not a binary switch, it's an orchestra of systems. And after 40, several musicians start playing out of tune—but not all at the same time or with the same intensity.
In women
Perimenopause, which can start at 35 or 50 (normal range: 10 years), brings erratic fluctuations in oestrogen and progesterone before their final decline. Oestrogen does more than regulate your cycle; it modulates genital vascularisation, tissue sensitivity and lubrication. When it declines, the thickness of vaginal epithelium can reduce by up to 50%, elasticity decreases and vascularisation reduces.
But oestrogen also affects the brain: it regulates serotonin and dopamine receptors in limbic areas. Its fluctuation causes changes in mood, energy and—crucially—in centrally-originated sexual desire (not just genital).
Testosterone in women (yes, they produce testosterone in ovaries and adrenal glands) declines gradually from age 30. By 40, levels can be 50% lower than at 20. Testosterone in women modulates sexual desire, energy and orgasmic response. Meta-analyses show correlation between free testosterone levels and frequency of spontaneous sexual thoughts.
In men
Total testosterone declines approximately 1-2% annually after 30, but free testosterone (the biologically active form) declines faster because SHBG (the protein that binds it and neutralises it) increases with age. By 50, a man may have 30% less free testosterone than at 30.
But testosterone is only part of the equation. Erectile function depends 80% on blood flow. The endothelium (inner layer of arteries) produces nitric oxide (NO), which relaxes the smooth muscle of the cavernous bodies enabling erection. With age, NO production declines, the endothelium becomes less flexible (endothelial dysfunction) and the vasodilatory response weakens.
Cardiovascular studies show that erectile function is a predictive marker of cardiovascular health: erectile problems typically precede cardiac events by 3-5 years because both share the same mechanism (endothelial health).
Neurological changes common to both sexes
Dopamine, the neurotransmitter of desire and motivation, shows gradual decline with age. The density of D2 receptors in the nucleus accumbens (reward centre) decreases approximately 10% per decade after 30. This affects not only sexual desire but general motivation.
Serotonin, which at optimal levels regulates mood but in excess can inhibit sexual function, tends to become imbalanced. Many antidepressants (SSRIs) prescribed from age 40 amplify this effect, creating a vicious circle.
The 7 biological pillars of sexual vitality (and how to optimise each)
There is no magic pill because there is no single mechanism. Sexual vitality integrates at least seven systems. Optimising only one (e.g., testosterone) without addressing the others (circulation, mitochondria, inflammation) produces disappointing results.
1. Hormonal system: testosterone, oestrogen and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis
Testosterone (men and women) modulates central sexual desire, genital sensitivity and orgasmic response. But supplementing exogenous testosterone without medical supervision shuts down your endogenous production (the HPG axis provides negative feedback).
Study-based protocol:
- Zinc (15-30 mg/day): cofactor of enzymes that synthesise testosterone. Meta-analyses show that zinc deficiency (common after 40) correlates with low testosterone levels. Supplementing in deficient individuals increases levels 20-30%.
- Magnesium (300-400 mg/day): increases free testosterone by reducing its binding to SHBG. A study in athletes showed a 26% increase in free testosterone after 4 weeks.
- Vitamin D (2000-4000 IU/day if deficient): vitamin D receptor is present in Leydig cells (testosterone-producing). Studies show correlation between levels >30 ng/ml and optimal testosterone.
- Ashwagandha KSM-66 (600 mg/day): adaptogen that reduces cortisol (testosterone antagonist) and improves the HPG axis. A clinical trial in men aged 40-70 showed a 15% increase in testosterone and improvement in sexual function questionnaires.
In perimenopausal women, medically supervised bioidentical hormone therapy (oestrogen +/- progesterone) shows efficacy in multiple studies for restoring vaginal thickness, lubrication and desire. It's not for everyone; it requires individual evaluation of risks and benefits.
2. Vascular system: nitric oxide and endothelial function
Sexual function is vascular function. In men, erection = vasodilation. In women, lubrication and genital sensitivity = vascular congestion. Both depend on nitric oxide (NO) produced by the endothelium.
Study-based protocol:
- L-citrulline (3-6 g/day): precursor of L-arginine, which is substrate for the eNOS enzyme that produces NO. Citrulline avoids hepatic first-pass metabolism that destroys oral arginine. A study in men with mild erectile dysfunction showed improvement in 50% of participants vs placebo.
- Pomegranate extract (500-1000 mg/day standardised to 40% ellagic acid): increases eNOS activity and protects NO from oxidative degradation. A clinical trial showed 47% improvement in the IIEF questionnaire (erectile function).
- Cocoa flavonoids (200-400 mg epicatechins/day): improve endothelial function and blood flow. Meta-analysis shows reduction in arterial stiffness and improved flow-mediated vasodilation.
- Regular cardiovascular exercise: 150 min/week of moderate intensity increases NO production, improves capillary density and reduces endothelial dysfunction. Studies show physically active men have 30% lower risk of erectile dysfunction.
Avoid: tobacco (destroys endothelium), excess alcohol (>2 drinks/day, chronic vasoconstrictor effect), high refined sugar diet (glycation damages endothelium).
3. Mitochondrial energy system: ATP and cellular vitality
Sex requires energy. Mitochondria produce ATP, the cellular energy currency. After 40, mitochondrial function declines: lower ATP production, more reactive oxygen species (ROS), loss of efficiency.
Chronic fatigue—one of the main inhibitors of sexual desire—often has a mitochondrial root.
Study-based protocol:
- CoQ10 ubiquinol (100-200 mg/day): component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Ubiquinol is the reduced (active) form. Studies show improvement in perceived energy and fatigue reduction in older adults.
- PQQ (10-20 mg/day): stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis (creation of new mitochondria). Human studies show improvement in mitochondrial function markers after 8 weeks.
- Creatine monohydrate (3-5 g/day): not just for muscle; the brain uses creatine to recycle ATP. Improves cognitive function and reduces mental fatigue, both relevant to sexual desire.
- Strength exercise (2-3x/week): most potent stimulus for mitochondrial biogenesis. Literally creates new mitochondria in muscle and brain.
4. Neurotransmitter system: dopamine, serotonin and acetylcholine
Dopamine = desire, motivation, anticipation. Serotonin = mood regulation, but in excess inhibits orgasm. Acetylcholine = parasympathetic neurotransmitter, facilitates arousal.
Study-based protocol:
- L-tyrosine (500-1000 mg/day): precursor of dopamine. Improves motivation and cognitive function under stress. Useful if you feel general apathy, not just sexual.
- Mucuna pruriens (300-500 mg standardised extract 15% L-DOPA): direct dopamine precursor. Studies in men show improvement in fertility parameters and sexual function, possibly mediated by dopamine increase.
- Rhodiola rosea (200-400 mg/day standardised to 3% rosavins): adaptogen that modulates serotonin and dopamine, reduces fatigue and improves sexual function in small studies.
- Choline (300-600 mg/day or phosphatidylcholine): acetylcholine precursor. Important for parasympathetic tone.
Be careful with: excess caffeine (>400 mg/day, can deplete dopamine long-term), alcohol (depresses neurotransmitters), sleep deprivation (destroys dopamine synthesis).
5. Inflammatory system: cytokines and cellular senescence
Chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging) after 40 raises pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) that interfere with hormonal signalling, neurotransmitter sensitivity and endothelial function.
Senescent cells (zombie cells that don't die nor function) accumulated with age secrete SASP (senescence-associated secretory phenotype), an inflammatory cocktail that damages surrounding tissues.
Study-based protocol:
- Curcumin (500-1000 mg/day with piperine or liposomal format): inhibits NF-κB (inflammatory transcription factor). Meta-analyses show reduction in inflammatory markers.
- Omega-3 EPA/DHA (2-3 g/day): modulate production of anti-inflammatory eicosanoids. Cardiovascular studies show improved endothelial function.
- Quercetin (500-1000 mg/day): flavonoid senolytic (kills senescent cells in animal models). Human studies ongoing; preliminary evidence positive for senescence markers.
- Fisetin (100-500 mg/day): another promising senolytic, more potent than quercetin in preclinical models.
- Intermittent fasting (16:8 or 18:6): activates autophagy (cellular cleanup), reduces inflammation. Studies show reduction in inflammatory markers after 8 weeks.
6. Microbiota and the gut-brain-gonad axis
Your microbiota regulates more than you imagine. It produces neurotransmitters (90% of bodily serotonin is synthesised in the gut), modulates systemic inflammation, metabolises sex hormones (the estrobolome metabolises oestrogens) and produces metabolites that affect the HPG axis.
Dysbiosis (microbial imbalance) correlates with altered sex hormone levels, inflammation and neurotransmitter changes.
Study-based protocol:
- Multi-strain probiotics (10-50 billion CFU/day): strains like Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium show effects on inflammation modulation and neurotransmitter production. Studies in anxiety/depression (which affect sexual function) show improvement with specific strains.
- Prebiotics (5-10 g/day inulin or FOS): feed beneficial bacteria. Improve microbial diversity.
- Fermented foods daily: yoghurt, kefir, sauerkraut, kimchi. Observational studies show correlation between regular consumption and better metabolic/mental health.
- Fibre (30-40 g/day): substrate for bacteria producing butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid with systemic anti-inflammatory effects.
7. Circadian rhythms and sleep architecture
Testosterone is produced mainly during deep sleep. Growth hormone also. Glymphatic brain clearance (removal of metabolic waste) occurs in deep phase. Chronic sleep deprivation can reduce testosterone 10-15% in one week.
Sleep quality after 40 tends to deteriorate: less deep sleep phase, more awakenings, less robust circadian rhythms.
Study-based protocol:
- Strict circadian hygiene: morning natural light exposure (15-30 min, resets circadian clock), avoid blue light 2h before bed (suppresses melatonin by up to 50%).
- Magnesium glycinate (200-400 mg before bed): improves sleep quality by modulating GABA receptors. We have a complete article on magnesium glycinate and its mechanisms.
- Glycine (3 g before bed): amino acid that reduces core body temperature and improves deep sleep. Studies show improvement in sleep quality questionnaires.
- Apigenin (50 mg chamomile extract): flavonoid acting on GABA receptors, reduces sleep latency.
- 30-minute pre-sleep protocol: consistent routine that signals to the brain the transition. You can see our detailed sleep hygiene protocol.
- Bedroom temperature 18-20°C: facilitates the core body temperature drop needed for deep sleep.
For a complete immersion in sleep science, read our deep sleep guide and the article on how to sleep better with 12 evidence-backed strategies.
Lifestyle protocols: what works according to meta-analyses
Beyond supplements, certain lifestyle changes show effects as potent (or more) than pharmacological interventions.
Exercise: the most potent natural vasodilator
Cardio (150 min/week moderate intensity): improves endothelial function, increases NO, reduces inflammation. Meta-analysis in men with erectile dysfunction showed 40% improvement in function after 6 months of regular exercise.
Strength (2-3x/week): increases testosterone acutely post-workout, improves insulin sensitivity (insulin resistance correlates with sexual dysfunction), stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis.
Yoga/stretching: reduces cortisol, improves parasympathetic tone (arousal facilitator), increases body awareness. Studies in women show improvement in sexual function after 12-week programmes.
Diet: Mediterranean pattern and caloric restriction
Mediterranean pattern (olive oil, fish, vegetables, nuts, legumes, low in ultra-processed foods): multiple studies show correlation with better sexual function. Possible mechanisms: inflammation reduction, improved vascular health, microbiota modulation.
Moderate caloric restriction (10-15% below maintenance): primate studies show sexual function preservation into advanced age. In humans, reduces inflammation, improves insulin sensitivity, activates autophagy.
Avoid: excess refined sugars (glycation, insulin resistance), trans fats (inflammation, endothelial dysfunction), protein deficiency (neurotransmitter and hormone precursors).
Stress management: cortisol is the silent enemy
Chronically elevated cortisol suppresses the HPG axis (less sexual hormone production), increases SHBG (less free testosterone), depletes dopamine and promotes visceral fat accumulation (which converts testosterone to oestrogen via aromatase).
Evidence-based practices:
- Mindfulness meditation (10-20 min/day): reduces cortisol 20-30% in 8-week studies. Also improves quality of presence during sexual activity.
- Diaphragmatic breathing (4-7-8 or cardiac coherence): activates parasympathetic system, reduces cortisol acutely.
- Time in nature (120+ min/week): studies show cortisol reduction and improved mood.
- Quality social connection: chronic loneliness elevates cortisol and inflammatory cytokines.
Which supplements have real evidence (and which are marketing)
The supplement market for sexual vitality is saturated with products with exaggerated claims and sub-clinical doses. Here we separate evidence from noise.
Tier 1: solid evidence in humans
L-citrulline (3-6 g/day): multiple clinical trials in mild-to-moderate erectile dysfunction. Clear mechanism (NO precursor). Safe.
Ashwagandha KSM-66 (600 mg/day): several RCTs show improvement in testosterone, cortisol reduction, improvement in sexual function questionnaires. Standardisation matters (KSM-66 is the most-studied extract).
Zinc (15-30 mg/day if deficient): cofactor of testosterone synthesis. Effective only in deficient individuals, who are ~30% of older adults.
Magnesium (300-400 mg/day): increases free testosterone, improves sleep (indirectly benefits hormone production). Absorbable types: glycinate, bisglycinate, threonate.
Omega-3 EPA/DHA (2-3 g/day): improves endothelial function, reduces inflammation. Cardiovascular effects benefiting sexual function.
Tier 2: preliminary promising evidence
Maca (1.5-3 g/day): small studies in men and women show improved sexual desire. Mechanism unclear. May work on neurotransmitters or adaptogenic effect.
Tribulus terrestris: mixed studies. Some show sexual function improvement without testosterone changes (possible dopamine effect). Others show no effect. Not reliable.
Korean red ginseng (3 g/day): meta-analysis in erectile dysfunction shows modest improvement. Mechanism possibly related to NO and neurotransmitter modulation.
Tongkat ali (Eurycoma longifolia): small studies show increased free testosterone in men with low levels. Extract quality highly variable.
Tier 3: marketing without evidence or contradictory evidence
Yohimbine: alkaloid blocking α2-adrenergic receptors (theoretically facilitates erection). Old studies with mixed results. Significant side effects (anxiety, tachycardia). Not recommended without supervision.
Horny goat weed (Epimedium): active compound icariin is PDE5 inhibitor in vitro (like Viagra), but oral bioavailability in humans is poor. Commercial products typically have risible doses. More marketing than science.
DHEA: hormonal precursor. In postmenopausal women some studies show improved lubrication and desire. In men with normal testosterone, shows no benefit. Risk of oestrogen conversion. Medical supervision only.
Prescription-free testosterone gel/patches: illegal in Spain and dangerous. Shuts down endogenous production, risk of serious side effects (cardiovascular, prostate in men, virilisation in women).
How to choose a quality integrated protocol
Sexual vitality is not optimised with a single ingredient. You need a systems approach addressing hormones, circulation, mitochondrial energy, neurotransmitters, inflammation, microbiota and sleep simultaneously.
Seek formulations that:
- Use clinical doses (the doses showing effect in studies), not decorative doses.
- Combine ingredients with synergistic mechanisms (e.g., citrulline + flavonoids for NO, ashwagandha + magnesium for cortisol/testosterone).
- Prioritise bioavailable forms (ubiquinol vs ubiquinone, magnesium glycinate vs oxide).
- Include ingredients for deep sleep (because that's where testosterone and brain cleansing occur).
- Are transparent in exact amounts (nothing hidden in 'proprietary blends').
At Longevitalis we've designed a three-product complementary protocol covering all these systems:
LongeviNocturno optimises sleep architecture (magnesium glycinate, glycine, apigenin) to maximise nocturnal hormone production and recovery. Deep sleep is when your body synthesises testosterone and growth hormone.
Vitalis Renova+ tackles daytime with neurotransmitter precursors (L-tyrosine for dopamine), adaptogens (ashwagandha KSM-66), mitochondrial energy cofactors (CoQ10 ubiquinol) and NO precursors (citrulline).
LongeviSkin works from within with senolytics (quercetin, fisetin), antioxidants and collagen—because your skin health reflects your endothelial health and cellular ageing rate.
All three products are formulated in Spain under GMP standards, with clinical doses of each ingredient (exact amounts shown effective in studies) and bioavailable forms. No filler, no marketing.
If you prefer starting with sleep (the foundation of everything), LongeviNocturno is your starting point. If you need daytime energy and motivation, Vitalis Renova+. If you want to attack senescence and inflammation, LongeviSkin. Or all three for complete protocol.
When to speak with a doctor (warning signs)
Most changes in sexual vitality after 40 are modifiable with intelligent lifestyle and supplementation. But some situations require professional medical evaluation:
Abrupt change (not gradual): sudden sexual function loss over weeks may indicate hormonal issue (hypothyroidism, hyperprolactinaemia), vascular (atherosclerosis) or neurological problem.
Persistent erectile dysfunction in men <50: may be early marker of cardiovascular disease. Requires evaluation of risk factors.
Accompanying symptoms: extreme fatigue, unexplained weight change, severe depression, pain during sex, abnormal bleeding (women) → investigate medical causes (thyroid, anaemia, infections, endometriosis, etc.).
If taking medication: many drugs affect sexual function (antihypertensives, antidepressants, statins). A doctor may adjust dose or switch to alternatives with fewer side effects.
Before supplementing hormones: testosterone, DHEA, oestrogen require medical supervision and prior testing. Self-medicating with hormones is dangerous.
Useful tests to request:
- Hormonal profile: total and free testosterone, SHBG, oestradiol (men also produce this and excess causes problems), LH, FSH (evaluate HPG axis).
- Thyroid: TSH, T3, T4 (hypothyroidism causes fatigue and low desire).
- Metabolic: glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile (insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia affect endothelial function).
- Vitamins/minerals: vitamin D, zinc, magnesium, B12 (common deficiencies affecting energy and hormones).
- Inflammatory markers: high-sensitivity CRP (evaluate inflammaging).
Side effects and precautions for supplements
Most supplements mentioned have good safety profiles at clinical doses, but there are precautions:
Ashwagandha: may interfere with thyroid medication (increases thyroid hormones). Avoid in hyperthyroidism. Rarely causes mild digestive upset. Cycle 8-12 weeks on, 2-4 off.
L-citrulline: very safe. Rarely mild digestive upset at high doses. Avoid with nitrates (cardiac medication) without consulting doctor.
Zinc: doses >40 mg/day long-term can cause copper deficiency (they compete for absorption). Supplement copper if using zinc chronically >30 mg/day. Excess causes nausea.
Magnesium: high doses (>600 mg/day) may cause diarrhoea. Chelated forms (glycinate, bisglycinate) better tolerated than oxide or citrate.
Omega-3: high doses (>3 g/day) may increase bleeding time. Caution if taking anticoagulants. Seek purified oils (low in heavy metals).
Curcumin: may interfere with medications (metabolised by cytochrome P450). Consult if taking anticoagulants or chemotherapy.
Quercetin/fisetin: promising senolytics but human studies still limited. Avoid high doses if taking anticoagulants.
Yohimbine: not recommended without supervision. Side effects: anxiety, tachycardia, hypertension. Interacts with many drugs.
General rule: start with one supplement at a time to evaluate tolerance. If taking medication, check interactions with doctor or pharmacist.
::pull-quote{text='Sexual vitality is a marker of systemic health. Optimising it is not vanity, it's longevity.' source='Principle of ageing biology'} ::
Frequently asked questions (FAQ)
Is it normal to lose libido completely at 40+?
No. Sexual desire may fluctuate, but complete persistent loss suggests correctable imbalance (hormonal, neurotransmitter, vascular, inflammatory) or medication side effect. Variability between same-age individuals is enormous—studies show some maintain optimal sexual function into their 70s+ whilst others decline at 45. Chronological age explains <30% of that variability; the rest are modifiable factors.
Do supplements work as fast as medication?
No. Medications like PDE5 inhibitors (Viagra, Cialis) work in hours by forcing mechanical vasodilation. Supplements work by optimising underlying systems: improving endogenous NO production, modulating hormones, reducing inflammation. They require 4-12 weeks to show full effect. They're complementary, not substitutes for medication when medically indicated.
Does Ashwagandha really increase testosterone or is it placebo?
Several randomised clinical trials show 10-20% testosterone increases in men with low/low-normal levels after 8-12 weeks with KSM-66 at 600 mg/day. The mechanism appears to be cortisol reduction (testosterone antagonist) and possible direct HPG axis effect. Not as potent as replacement therapy, but the effect is real in deficient populations. In people already with optimal testosterone, the effect is smaller.
Do women also need testosterone?
Yes. Women produce testosterone (in smaller amounts than men) in ovaries and adrenals, crucial for sexual desire, energy and orgasmic response. Levels gradually decline from age 30. Testosterone therapy in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire shows efficacy in studies, but must be medically supervised (virilisation risk with incorrect doses). Natural protocols with ashwagandha, zinc, magnesium can support endogenous production.
Does improving sleep really make a difference to sexual function?
Yes, dramatically. Testosterone is produced mainly during deep sleep (N3 phase). Growth hormone also. A study showed that restricting sleep to 5h/night for one week reduced testosterone 10-15% in healthy young men. In women, sleep deprivation disrupts multiple sex hormone rhythms. Plus, poor sleep increases cortisol, reduces dopamine, worsens mood—all direct sexual desire inhibitors. Many report that improving sleep (complete protocol: circadian hygiene + magnesium + glycine) was the most impactful change.
Can I take all the mentioned supplements together?
Technically yes, there are no dangerous interactions between the Tier 1 supplements mentioned (citrulline, ashwagandha, magnesium, zinc, omega-3, CoQ10). But it's unnecessary and expensive to start with everything simultaneously. Recommended protocol: start with your most deficient pillar (e.g., sleep →LongeviNocturno or magnesium+glycine). After 4 weeks, if you need more, add daytime support (ashwagandha, citrulline →Vitalis Renova+). Assess results before adding more. More isn't always better; consistency and quality matter more than quantity.
Conclusion: sexual vitality is systemic health
Sexual function after 40 is not an isolated system that 'breaks', it's the thermometer of your metabolic, cardiovascular, hormonal, neurological and inflammatory health. That's why optimising it is not vanity or luxury—it's active longevity.
The seven pillars (hormones, circulation, mitochondria, neurotransmitters, inflammation, microbiota, sleep) are interconnected. Addressing only one produces mediocre results. An integrated protocol addressing 4-5 simultaneously is what separates frustrating results from real transformation.
The evidence is clear: you're not destined for sexual decline by accumulating years. The variability between same-age individuals proves modifiable factors outweigh chronological age. Regular exercise, anti-inflammatory diet, deep sleep, stress management, intelligent supplementation with clinical doses—these protocols work because they restore underlying biology, not because they mask symptoms.
Start with basics: fix your sleep (LongeviNocturno or circadian hygiene protocol), add cardio and strength exercise, reduce dietary inflammation. Then add specific supplementation where you need it most.
And if there's abrupt change, accompanying symptoms or doubts, consult a doctor. Self-assessment has limits; some problems require professional diagnosis.
Your sexual vitality at 60 depends on what you do today at 40. Biology rewards consistency.
Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes and does not substitute professional medical advice. Consult your doctor before starting any protocol, especially if taking medication or have pre-existing conditions. Food supplements should not be used as substitutes for a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle.
